Background The aim of this study is to investigate educational differences in labour market participation expressed by ...

Background People who do not smoke can be involuntarily exposed to tobacco smoke through direct exposure, known as secondhand smoke (SHS), and indirect exposure to residual tobacco-derived pollutants ...

Background Prior research indicates that food insecurity is negatively associated with cardiometabolic health and plays a ...

Background Amidst rapidly ageing European populations there is a growing need to develop pension systems that help support ...

Background Stress affects cardiometabolic health, but evidence linking objective, occupation-specific stressors to individual ...

Background County governments are increasingly active in immigration-related policymaking, yet the impact of these policies ...

Background Cultural engagement reportedly enhances older adults’ well-being. Physiological age (PA) reflects the deterioration of physical and physiological systems, and a greater PA increases the ...

In this essay, we give an overview of the relationships between the design and structure of health systems, health service provision and utilisation, and inequalities in population health. This shows ...

Background Difference-in-differences is a method commonly used in population health research. It is based on assumptions that are well-known and well-understood in the classic textbook example of two ...

Researchers are often interested in the effect of an individual’s race on health, but they may not fully consider what this implies or whether it is the most informative question to ask. As stated, ...

Since mental health outcomes are shaped by a complex interplay of social, economic and environmental factors, considerable attention has been devoted to determinants such as income insecurity, social ...

Alcohol is a major, neglected driver of preventable harm in the UK and internationally, and these harms fall disproportionately on disadvantaged communities.1 2 Yet, political action remains limited ...