The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...

Crystallography lets scientists see materials as systems of ordered atoms, turning materials research into a predictive science. In revealing how atomic arrangements govern strength, conductivity, and ...

X-ray Diffraction (XRD) plays a pivotal role in material characterization during the production of lithium-ion battery electrodes. For anodes, it helps analyze the degree of graphitization in graphite ...

XRD works by directing X-rays onto a crystalline material and analyzing the angles and intensities of the diffracted beams. The atomic planes within the crystal act as a three-dimensional grating, ...

Scientists have made the first experimental observation of matter wave diffraction in a short-lived electron-positron atom.